{"id":1213,"date":"2024-02-04T15:28:03","date_gmt":"2024-02-04T15:28:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/?p=1213"},"modified":"2024-02-04T15:28:03","modified_gmt":"2024-02-04T15:28:03","slug":"political-alignment-affiliation-and-attitudes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/2024\/02\/04\/political-alignment-affiliation-and-attitudes\/","title":{"rendered":"Political Alignment, Affiliation, and Attitudes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Is there a growing gender gap in the U.S?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alignment<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A recent article in the Financial Times<\/a> suggests that among young people there is a growing gender gap in political alignment on a spectrum from liberal to conservative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In last week’s post<\/a>, I tried to replicate this result using data from the General Social Survey<\/a>. I generated the following figure, which shows the percentage of liberals minus the percentage of conservatives from 1988 to 2021, among people 18 to 29 years old. The analysis is in this Jupyter notebook<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Women are more likely to say they are liberal by 5-10 percentage points. But there is little or no evidence that the gap is growing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Party Affiliation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

This figure shows the percentage of Democrats minus the percentage of Republicans from 1988 to 2021. The analysis is in this Jupyter notebook<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Women are more likely than men to say they are Democrats. In the 1990s, the gap was almost 20 percentage points. Now it is only 5-10 percentage points. So there’s no evidence this gap is growing — if anything, it is shrinking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Attitudes and beliefs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

To quantify political attitudes, I will take advantage of a method I used in Chapter 12 of Probably Overthinking It<\/a><\/em>. In the General Social Survey, I chose 15 questions where there is the biggest difference in the responses of people who identify as liberal or conservative. Then I estimated the number of conservative responses from each respondent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The following figure shows the average number of conservative responses for young men and women since 1974. The analysis is in this Jupyter notebook<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Men give slightly more conservative responses than women, on average, but the gap is small and consistent over time — there is no evidence it is growing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In summary, GSS data provides no support for the claim that there is a growing gender gap in political alignment, affiliation, or attitudes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Is there a growing gender gap in the U.S? Alignment A recent article in the Financial Times suggests that among young people there is a growing gender gap in political alignment on a spectrum from liberal to conservative. In last week’s post, I tried to replicate this result using data from the General Social Survey. I generated the following figure, which shows the percentage of liberals minus the percentage of conservatives from 1988 to 2021, among people 18 to 29…<\/p>\n

Read More Read More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nPolitical Alignment, Affiliation, and Attitudes - Probably Overthinking It<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/2024\/02\/04\/political-alignment-affiliation-and-attitudes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Political Alignment, Affiliation, and Attitudes - Probably Overthinking It\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Is there a growing gender gap in the U.S? Alignment A recent article in the Financial Times suggests that among young people there is a growing gender gap in political alignment on a spectrum from liberal to conservative. In last week’s post, I tried to replicate this result using data from the General Social Survey. I generated the following figure, which shows the percentage of liberals minus the percentage of conservatives from 1988 to 2021, among people 18 to 29... 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So far, the answer is no. Young women are more likely than men to say they are\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ft_ideology_gap_us.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1233,"url":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/2024\/02\/18\/the-gender-gap-in-political-beliefs-is-small\/","url_meta":{"origin":1213,"position":1},"title":"The Gender Gap in Political Beliefs Is Small","author":"AllenDowney","date":"February 18, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"In previous articles (here, here, and here) I've looked at evidence of a gender gap in political alignment (liberal or conservative), party affiliation (Democrat or Republican), and policy preferences. Using data from the GSS, I found that women are more likely to say they are liberal, and more likely to\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/belief_gap3-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/belief_gap3-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/belief_gap3-1.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/belief_gap3-1.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/belief_gap3-1.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/belief_gap3-1.png?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1200,"url":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/2024\/01\/28\/is-the-ideology-gap-growing\/","url_meta":{"origin":1213,"position":2},"title":"Is the Ideology Gap Growing?","author":"AllenDowney","date":"January 28, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"This tweet from John Burn-Murdoch links to an article in the Financial Times (FT), \u201cA new global gender divide is emerging\u201d, which includes this figure: The article claims: In the US, Gallup data shows that after decades where the sexes were each spread roughly equally across liberal and conservative world\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ideology_gap1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ideology_gap1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ideology_gap1.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ideology_gap1.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ideology_gap1.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ideology_gap1.png?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1477,"url":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/2025\/01\/04\/confidence-in-the-press\/","url_meta":{"origin":1213,"position":3},"title":"Confidence In the Press","author":"AllenDowney","date":"January 4, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"This is the fifth in a series of excerpts from Elements of Data Science, now available from Lulu.com and online booksellers. It\u2019s based on Chapter 16, which is part of the political alignment case study. You can read the complete example here, or run the Jupyter notebook on Colab. Because\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/f652e115b3186a827e67d0882df2218fecf3f5466985f3da007a09e983e93aa6.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":259,"url":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/2019\/08\/01\/left-right-part-3\/","url_meta":{"origin":1213,"position":4},"title":"Left, right, part 3","author":"AllenDowney","date":"August 1, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"In the first article in this series, I looked at data from the General Social Survey (GSS) to see how political alignment in the U.S. has changed, on the axis from conservative to liberal, over the last 50 years. In the second article, I suggested that self-reported political alignment could\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"general social survey\"","block_context":{"text":"general social survey","link":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/tag\/general-social-survey\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/image-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":267,"url":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/2019\/08\/06\/left-right-part-4\/","url_meta":{"origin":1213,"position":5},"title":"Left, right, part 4","author":"AllenDowney","date":"August 6, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"In the first article in this series, I looked at data from the General Social Survey (GSS) to see how political alignment in the U.S. has changed, on the axis from conservative to liberal, over the last 50 years. In the second article, I suggested that self-reported political alignment could\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"data science\"","block_context":{"text":"data science","link":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/tag\/data-science\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/image-5.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1213","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1213"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1213\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1220,"href":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1213\/revisions\/1220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1213"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1213"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.allendowney.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}